From 28 September to 2 October 2026, the Small-Scale Fisheries Academy in Ghana convened its second workshop for community dialogue meetings in support of co-management. This time, the Academy practitioners met in Elmina, Central Region, as a result of the partnership between Mundus maris and the Canoe and Fishing Gear Owners Association of Ghana (CaFGOAG).

Eight national trainers (two from each coastal region), 20 regional trainers (five for each region, including one officer of the Fisheries Commission), and a policy director from the ministry together with the Mundus maris team and the CaFGOAG coordinator drew lessons from the experiences with first two or three community dialogues in eight pilot villages.  Two researchers, one from the University of Bern, Switzerland, the other one from the University of Cape Coast participated in the first two days of the workshop.

The first group discussions were among facilitators across different regions to support peer learning. The starting question was: What has changed in the communities in the last two to five years.

Intensive discussions in small groups with participants from several regions to encourage peer learning

Among the observations that were common, shrinking resources, substantial catches of juveniles, increasing illegalities, weak enforcement of rules, and loss of price fixing capacity of the Queen Fishmonger, the Konkohemaa as the most powerful woman in the community, stood out.

The next question was ‘what do you know about the new Fisheries and Aquaculture Act’? The conversations were quite animated as participants highlighted particularly those aspects, often in considerable detail, that concerned their profession directly. Among the points raised were the extension of the exclusion zone from 6 to 12 nautical miles, increase in licensing requirements for all professions, prohibition of catching juveniles, increased penalties for illegal fishing or other ways of breaking the law, the setting up of central co-management committees to cover scientific, managerial and traditional knowledge matters, and a special fisheries and aquaculture development fund.

The next questions were: ‘What are the differences between the Act and the Draft Regulations intended to operationalise the Act?’ and ‘What are the rights and responsibilities of the different groups of actors, from canoe owners, chief fishermen, to fish processors and traders, to boatswains and crews?’ These questions gave rise to more intense exchange and assessments within the cross-regional groups.

Group listening attentively to the next question

The next question was for groups of practitioners from the same region: ‘What are regulations practised now, either on the basis of traditional practices or on the basis of previous national regulations?’

In the Volta Region e.g. one of the rules was to have a fishing holiday on Sundays. Sea turtle catching was taboo because they are a totem. Likewise dolphins are not to be caught and met out punishment for breaches of the rules. Every year, a festival would provide an occasion to celebrate the past season and make sacrifices to the sea god to pray for the next bumper harvest.

Groups also noted that the weather forecast had been improved and contributed to fewer accidents at sea.

The women reported that a training programme was offered how to wash hands and handle fish in the most hygienic conditions, notably, not putting catches of marine small pelagics onto the sand, which had often been done to drain the water faster before drying and smoking.

Dynamite and light fishing had been prohibited already, but was not easy to enforce.

Compiling all the answers to the questions debated in the groups

The key idea carried over into the second day was that policy does not always come only from central government. Co-management as envisaged in the Act encourages to develop locally adapted rules and also to report local issues up through regional to national levels as well as taking note of what comes from national level, deliberated e.g. in the Small-Pelagics Scientific Co-Management Committee which should take off some of the pressures on the chief fisherman and the Landing Beach Enforcement Committee.

The morning circle on Day 2 recapping results of Day 1 and setting the tone for the day’s work

Group work by region then focused on what had worked well in the community dialogues, what had not worked very well so far, and what facilitators wanted to do differently in the next meetings. Starting out with individual reflections, the next step was to compare notes and distill guidance for productive and action-oriented meetings.

Central Region group discussion

Among the lessons learnt were:

• timing of dialogue meetings should be suitable to key members of each professional group
• the invitation must be friendly and explain the purpose with focus on generating action
• per diems will not be paid, but refreshments should be served
• make sure that key members are present and each one speaks
• use visualisation means to ensure all ideas are captured
• document results and share to support getting better step-by-step.

The day concluded with a recap of what mattered for a well-planned meeting and its documentation for sharing experiences with the entire group. The reporting should start with the identification of the village, region, lead facilitator, day, time, venue, agenda and include key results. Ideally, reporting should also be backed up with photos and videos to make the exchanges as lively and instructive as possible.

Frantic radio spot explaining IUU fishing and interviewing a fisher who was using dynamite to get easy catches

Day 3 started with in-depth work on constructing the agenda for a dialogue meeting in the fictitious village of Keeta and how to share roles with community meetings to ensure active involvement. Academy practitioners were invited to take note in the notebooks they had received on Day 1 and use the design pages around pictograms of the 10-step approach to a productive gathering.

The highlight of the day was in the afternoon, when six randomly mixed groups were formed and each selected a method on how to practice variations to the meeting introduction.

The methods to address co-management and its challenges and opportunities addressed the more ‘ordinary’ as well as the undesirable issues in communities that were nevertheless part of the lived realities that needed to be tabled in suitable ways.

Accused of landing juveniles and selling them off even though the slogan of the women in NAFPTA is ‘NAFPTA, say no to bad fish!’

The suggested ways in which these topics were to be introduced were:

• role play
• radio transmission
• theatre
• drama
• proverbs and stories
• create a song

The time given to come up with a performance was quite short, but enough to reveal considerable talent in mastering the different forms of expression and engaging the rest of the group sitting in the circle observing and enjoying immensely as the energy of each group was contagious to the others.

The group tasked with creating a song did so well that the text was voted to become the anthem of the Academy! Congrats!

Day 4 in the presence of the Regional Director of the Fisheries Commission, Mr. Dovlo, was centered on reviewing and adjusting the one-year plan for each community and discuss how to expand from 8 to 20 pilot communities in the four coastal regions in line with existing capacities. Several ways were discussed, how to use the time of the present facilitators more effectively and share responsibilities such that the workload did not become excessive.